· In the industrial production of titainum and titanium alloys, the most commonly used techniques are vacuum arc remelting (VAR) and cold hearth melting. Vacuum Arc Remelting VAR technology can refine the ingot structure in titanium alloy smelting and improve the purity of the product. The main developments of this technology in recent years are as follows: Fullyautomatic VAR re .
The smelting process comprises the carbonaceous reduction of ilmenite to produce titania slag with a TiO2 content of 86%, and iron with a carbon content of %. In the Ti slag production process, the iron oxides are reduced to metallic iron, thereby producing a TiO2rich slag and high purity iron.
Titanium feedstock upgrading routes Primarily aimed at removing FeO x by selective reduction Solid state reduction: Becher process Slag reduction: Ilmenite smelting Constraints sulfate process for pigment: TiO x species must be acid soluble (no rutile) chlorination route: strict limits on CaO, SiO 2, MgO, etc. Proposed upgrading processes for complex slags (~30% TiO x; others mainly CaO, SiO 2 ...
· The present invention also provides a direct smelting vessel when used to smelt a metalliferous feed material that contains iron oxides and at least 3 wt. % titanium oxides via a molten bathbased direct smelting process, with the vessel containing a molten bath of metal and slag, and with the molten slag having a temperature range of ° C. and a viscosity in a range of .
in a high titania slag containing 75–95% TiO2, of which slags with titania content above 85% are used for the chloride route and others for the sulfate route [12]. The reductant used is a carbonaceous material, such as anthracite, petroleum coke, metallurgical coke, etc. [13]. The smelting process of ilmenite is an unusual case where slag is ...
(smelting process) Smelter (storage and export Heavy mineral concentrates TiO 2 slag Iron Slag milling Iron treatment Sulphate slag Chloride slag Rutile Zircon Pig iron Magnetic concentrate ilmenite Nonmagnetic concentrate . 6 Production, Consumption and Markets Over the past decade (1998 – 2007), the country has produced a cumulative total of 10,7 Mt of titanium mineral concentrates ...
High titania slag is produced during the smelting of ilmenite in a furnace with a suitable carbonaceous reductant. In this process a large fraction of the iron content of the ilmenite is reduced to metallic iron. The remainder of the material collects in a high titania slag. The iron and slag are tapped through separate tapholes, with the titania slag being the higher value product. The slag ...
The smelting and reduction processes are conducted within a crucible of solidified, high titanium content slag (known as the freeze lining), contained within the furnace refractory walls. This freeze lining protects the magnesia refractory from chemical slag attack. Apart from increasing the MgO content of the slag, and thereby exceeding the maximum impurity specifiion, chemical attack by ...
The smelting process at TTI involves the reduction of the iron oxides from the ilmenite with everything else reporting to the slag. The separation of the iron lifts the titanium dioxide content from approximately 54% in the ilmenite to approximately 87% in the slag. Highpurity pig iron – a valuable coproduct. The highpurity pig iron produced as part of the smelting process (which is ...
The federal Bureau of Mines, as part of its goal to minimize undesirable environmental impacts associated with mineral processing, has investigated a sodasmelting technique for processing ilmenite into pig iron and a titanium slag that is suitable for a feed to a sulfateprocess titania pigment plant. By this procedure, the generation of ferrous sulfate waste and its associated disposal problem
GRANULATION OF TITANIA SLAG 159 Introduction High titania slag is produced by the smelting of ilmenite and a suitable carbonaceous reductant in electric furnaces. Superfine slag cement Harsco M. Being recycled, slag is a 'Green' material. When using slag as an additive in the kiln, cement manufacturers are producing a product which has the ... Get price. Titanium slag plant technology ...
· Viscosity of TiO 2FeOTi 2 O 3SiO 2MgOCaOAl 2 O 3 for HighTitania Slag Smelting Process. Metall. Mater. Trans. B Process Metall. Mater. .
This paper provides a review of the slagbased technology with the specific aim to produce leachable slag and achieving high titania yield from recovered wastes. Leachable oxides of the lower oxidation state, such as TiO and Ti2O3, facilitate the leaching process. However, during smelting these oxides increase the viscosity of the slag. Formation of titanium carbide or carbonitride is also not ...
· Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 28(2018) 2528âˆ'2537 Appropriate titanium slag composition during smelting of vanadium titanomagnetite metallized pellets Shuai WANG, Yufeng GUO, Tao JIANG, Feng CHEN, Fuqiang ZHENG, Minjun TANG, Lingzhi YANG, Guanzhou QIU School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, .
Smelting Process The grade of ilmenite produced at RBM is of too low a grade to be used directly in the production of pigment or synthetic rutile. The TiO2 content is increased by smelting the ilmenite with anthracite to produce a slag containing approximately 85 per cent titanium dioxide and a highpurity (lowmanganese) pig iron as a
The DC arc smelting process for production of titania slag from ilmenite was jointly developed and patented by Mintek and Anglo American. This technology is successfully used on a commercial scale at the Tronoxoperated plants in South Africa. Over the years, Mintek has been working on various aspects of the chlorination of titania feedstock. Feedstock such as titania slag, synthetic rutile ...
by smelting concentrates (after they have been lumped) in the blast furnace, with the subsequent recovery of vanadium from the pig iron and titanium from the slag; by means of the pyrohydrometallurgical processing of the titaniummagnetite concentrate, as a result of which vanadium is obtained by precipitating its compounds
Titania slag, ilmenite smelting, decrepitation, anatase, rutile, pseudobrookite, oxidation, tapping temperatures, M30 S, slag cooling. II . ... A typical posttreatment process for titanium dioxide pigments (from 6 4 : Flowsheet for a typical chloride processing route (from I ...
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